While the exact causes of stomach cancer remain unclear, experts believe there are several contributing factors that can increase the likelihood of developing the disease.

These risk factors include aging, being overweight, having untreated infections, and smoking, among others.

As stated by Cancer Research UK, “Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) causes around 40 out of 100 (around 40%) stomach cancers in the UK.”

H. pylori is a type of bacteria that resides in the mucous lining of the stomach and is typically transmitted through contaminated food and water. For many, it causes no harm, but for others, it may lead to inflammation and stomach ulcers—both known risk factors for stomach cancer.

According to the NHS, the early signs of stomach cancer can be subtle and difficult to identify, mainly because they often resemble other common health conditions. These early symptoms may include ongoing indigestion and heartburn, excessive wind and frequent burping, feeling bloated or overly full after eating, and persistent stomach discomfort.

In more advanced stages, symptoms may progress to include blood in the stool, a loss of appetite, and noticeable weight loss.