Coffee is one of the most widely consumed drinks around the globe, and in recent years, it has become a growing focus of scientific research. With an estimated two billion cups consumed each day, coffee plays a significant role in the daily habits of countless people.

Given its widespread popularity, it’s important to consider how coffee affects health—particularly liver health. Is it beneficial, or could it be harmful? In this article, we’ll take a closer look at what current scientific findings reveal.

The liver is responsible for several essential tasks, including detoxifying harmful substances, producing bile, and metabolizing nutrients. Recent research suggests that certain compounds in coffee—especially caffeine and chlorogenic acids—may offer protective benefits to liver cells.

Caffeine, a natural stimulant, works by blocking adenosine receptors, which helps regulate inflammation and may influence the development of liver fibrosis. It may also promote lipolysis, which helps reduce fat accumulation in the liver.

Chlorogenic acids, on the other hand, are antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds that might protect liver cells from oxidative stress. These substances are believed to lower the production of pro-inflammatory molecules, potentially reducing the risk of fibrosis and other long-term liver issues.

According to WebMD, consistent research findings show that coffee drinkers are less likely to suffer from various liver diseases, including liver cancer, fibrosis (the buildup of scar tissue in the liver), cirrhosis (a severe stage of fibrosis), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

For those already dealing with liver conditions, drinking coffee in moderation—typically between one and three cups per day—might help slow the progression of issues like fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatitis B and C, and NAFLD.

The reason behind these effects lies in the over 1,000 compounds found in coffee, many of which are still being studied for their impact on liver function. Some key compounds and their roles include:

Paraxanthine, a byproduct formed when the body metabolizes caffeine, may help delay the formation of scar tissue in the liver, potentially helping to combat conditions like liver cancer, cirrhosis, and hepatitis C.

Kahweol and cafestol, two naturally occurring chemicals in coffee, may have cancer-fighting properties. Though research is still developing, moderate consumption of unsweetened coffee might serve as a helpful supplement in the treatment of liver cancer.

Certain acids in coffee have shown potential in fighting the hepatitis B virus. Interestingly, studies also suggest that decaffeinated coffee may provide similar liver-protective benefits.

These positive effects appear to apply to both men and women, regardless of how the coffee is prepared—whether it’s filtered, instant, or espresso.

Still, while coffee may contribute to better liver health, it should be seen as one element of a broader healthy lifestyle. This includes maintaining a nutritious diet, staying physically active, and limiting alcohol consumption.